The reaction of the gold price to the Washington Agreement was the most dramatic rise in the price of gold ever. That is not what any of the central bankers had in mind. They were just perturbed at the tactics of The Gold Cartel to suppress the gold price and wanted to do something about it. They had no intention of creating financial chaos.
How could they have been so surprised at what occurred? Easy. They were working off the inept gold industry gold loan numbers of less than 5,000 tonnes. The real number was more than double that at the time, which means the central banks had FAR less gold in their vaults than they realized.
The announcement set off a panic because the yearly supply/demand was running over 1600 tonnes (again, more than they realized) and there would be no way to hold the gold price down under the new agreement. The scheming Gold Cartel was in deep trouble. Something had to be done FAST. A solution had to be found that would allow the central banks and The Gold Cartel to calm down the market by feeding central bank gold into that market to satisfy the strong gold demand.
The problem for The Gold Cartel and the central banks was they needed to come up with a way to get the job done and not let the investment world realize the seriousness of the situation. Some sort of plan of deception had to be devised and one was - in Santiago, Chile in October 1999 by the IMF. The plan centered around IMF central bank members "swapping out" their gold, yet still accounting for that gold as a central bank gold asset.